Contributing Writer 
Oral Pathology Disease List*
- Developmental Disturbances
- Jaws
- Agnathia
- Micrognathia
- Macrognathia
- Facial Hemihypertrophy
- Facial Hemiatrophy
- Lips and Palate
- Congenital lip pits
- Commissural pits
- Commissural fistulas
- Double lip
- Cleft lip
- Cleft palate
- Cheilitis flandularis
- Cheilitis granulomatosa
- Hereditary intestinal polyposis syndrome
- Labial/oral melanotic macule (ephelis; focal melanosis)
- Oral Mucosa
- Fordyce’s granules
- Focal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck’s disease)
- Gingiva
- Fibromatosis gingivae
- Retrocuspid papilla
- Tongue
- Microglossia
- Macroglossia
- Ankyloglossia
- Cleft tongue
- Fissured tongue
- Medial rhomboid glossitis (central papillary atrophy)
- Benign migratory glossitis (geographic tongue; erythema migrans)
- Hairy tongue
- Lingual varices
- Oral Lymphoid Tissue
- Reactive lymphoid aggregate
- Lymphoid hamartoma
- Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophils
- Lymphoepithelial cyst (branchial cyst)
- Salivary Glands
- Aplasia (agenesis)
- Xerostomia
- Hyperplasia of palatal glands
- Atresia
- Aberrancy
- Lingual mandibular salivary gland depression (static bone cyst; stafne cyst; latent bone cyst)
- Size of Teeth
- Microdontia
- Macrodontia
- Shape of Teeth
- Germination
- Fusion
- Concrescence
- Dilacerations
- Talon cusp
- Dens in dente (dens invaginatus; dilated composite odontoma)
- Dens evaginatus (occlusal tuberculated premolar; occlusal enamel pearl; evaginated odontome; Leong’s premolar)
- Taurodontism
- Supernumerary roots
- Number of Teeth
- Anodontia
- Supernumerary teeth
- Predeciduous dentition
- Postpermanent dentition
- Structure of Teeth
- Amelogenesis imperfecta (hereditary enamel dysplasia; hereditary brown opalescent teeth; hereditary brown enamel)
- Environmental enamel hypoplasia
- Syphilitic enamel hypoplasia
- Hypocalcemic enamel hypoplasia
- Neonatal line
- Traumatic enamel hypoplasia
- Dental fluorosis (mottled enamel)
- Dentinogenesis imperfecta (hereditary opalescent dentin)
- Dentin dysplasia (rootless teeth)
- Regional odontodysplasia (ghost teeth; odontogenesis imperfecta; odontogenic dysplasia)
- Dentin hypocalcification
- Growth and Eruption
- Premature eruption
- Delayed eruption
- Multiple unerupted teeth
- Impacted and embedded teeth
- Ankylosed deciduous teeth (submerged teeth)
- Fissural/Inclusion/Developmental Cysts
- Median anterior maxillary cyst
- Median palatal cyst
- Globulomaxillary cyst
- Median mandibular cyst
- Nasoalveolar cyst (nasolabial cyst; Klestadt’s cyst)
- Palatal cysts of the neonate (Epstein’s pearls; Bohn’s nodules)
- Thyroglossal tract cyst
- Benign cervical lymphoepithelial cyst (branchial cleft cyst)
- Epidermoid cyst
- Dermoid cyst
- Heterotopic oral gastrointestinal cyst
- Jaws
- Benign and Malignant Tumors
- Benign Tumors of Epithelial Origin
- Papilloma
- Squamous acanthoma
- Keratoacanthoma (Verrucoma; molluscum sebaceum)
- Pigmented cellular nevus (pigmented mole; benign melanocytic nevus)
- Premalignant Tumors of Epithelial origin
- Leukoplakia
- Leukoedema
- Intraepithelial carcinoma (carcinoma in situ)
- Erythroplakia
- Oral submucous fibrosis
- Malignant Tumors of Epithelial Origin
- Basal cell carcinoma
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Verrucous carcinoma
- Spindle cell carcinoma 9carcinosarcoma; pseudosarcoma; polypoid squamous cell carcinoma)
- Adenoid squamous cell carcinoma (adenoacanthoma; pseudoglandular squamous cell carcinoma)
- Lymphoepithelioma
- Transitional cell carcinoma
- Malignant melanoma
- Benign Tumors of Connective Tissue Origin
- Fibroma
- Giant cell fibroma
- Peripheral ossifying fibroma (peripheral odontogenic fibroma; peripheral cementifying fibroma)
- Central ossifying fibroma of bone (central fibro-osteoma)
- Peripheral giant cell granuloma (giant cell epulis; osteoclastoma)
- Central giant cell granuloma
- Giant cell tumor of bone
- Aneurismal bone cyst
- Lipoma
- Verruciform xanthoma (histiocytosis Y)
- Hemangioma (vascular nevus)
- Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
- Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis (Sturge-Weber disease)
- Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (juvenile nasopharyngeal fibroma)
- Lymphangioma
- Myxoma
- Chondroma
- Benign chondroblastoma
- Chondromyxoid fibroma
- Osteoma
- Osteoid osteoma
- Benign osteoblastoma (giant osteoid osteoma)
- Torus palatinus
- Torus mandibularis
- Multiple exostoses
- Malignant Tumors of Connective Tissue Origin
- Fibrosarcoma
- Synovial sarcoma
- Liposarcoma
- Hemangioendothelioma
- Hemangiopericytoma
- Kaposi’s sarcoma (angioreticuloendothelioma)
- Ewing’s sarcoma (endothelial myeloma; round cell sarcoma)
- Chondrosarcoma
- Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma)
- Malignant lymphoma
- Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
- Primary lymphoma of bone (primary reticulum cell sarcoma of bone)
- Burkitt’s lymphoma (African jaw lymphoma)
- Hodgkin’s disease
- Multiple myeloma (plasma cell myeloma; plasmacytoma)
- Solitary plasma cell myeloma (plasmacytoma)
- Benign Tumors of Muscle Origin
- Leiomyoma
- Angiomyoma (vascular leiomyoma ; angioleiomyoma)
- Rhabdomyoma
- Granular cell myoblastoma (myoblastic myoma ; granular cell tumor ; granular cell schwannoma)
- Congenital epulis of the newborn
- Malignant Tumors of Muscle Origin
- Leiomyoma
- Rhabdomyosarcoma
- Alveolar soft-part sarcoma (malignant granular cell myoblastoma)
- Benign Tumors of Neural Origin
- Traumatic neuroma (amputation neuroma)
- Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes
- Neurofibroma (neurofibromatosis ; von Recklinghausen’s disease; fibroma molluscum)
- Neurolemmoma (neurilemoma ; perineural fibroblastoma ; schwannoma ; neurinoma ; lemmoma)
- Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (pigmented ameloblastoma)
- Malignant Tumors of Neural Origin
- Malignant Schwannoma (neurogenic sarcoma; neurofibrosarcoma)
- Olfactory neuroblastoma
- Benign Tumors of Epithelial Origin
- Salivary Gland Tumors
- Benign Tumors
- Pleomorphic adenoma (mixed tumor)
- Monomorphic adenoma
- Basal cell adenoma
- Canalicular adenoma
- Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum (Warthin’s tumor; adenolymphoma
- Oxyphilic adenoma (oncocytoma; acidophilic adenoma)
- Myoepithelioma
- Ductal papillomas
- Benign lymphoepithelial lesion (Mikulicz’s disease)
- Sjogren’s syndrome (sicca syndrome)
- Malignant Salivary Tumors
- Malignant pleomorphic adenoma (malignant mixed tumor)
- Adenoid cystic carcinoma (cylindroma; basaloid mixed tumor)
- Acinic cell carcinoma (acinar/serous cell adenoma/adenocarcinoma)
- Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
- Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the jaw
- Clear cell sarcoma
- Squamous cell carcinoma (Epidermoid carcinoma)
- Necrotizing sialometaplasia
- Benign Tumors
- Cysts and Tumors of Odontogenic Origin
- Odontogenic cysts
- Primordial cyst
- Dentigerous cyst (follicular cyst)
- Radicular cyst (apical periodontal cyst; periapical cyst; dental root end cyst)
- Lateral periodontal cyst
- Dental lamina cyst of the newborn (Epstein’s pearls; Bohn’s nodules; gingival cyst of the newborn)
- Gingival cyst of the adult
- Odontogenic keratocyst
- Basal cell nevus syndrome
- Calcifying odontogenic cyst (Gorlin cyst; cystic keratinizing tumor)
- Ectodermal Tumors
- Enameloma (enamel pearl; enamel drop)
- Ameloblastoma (adamantinoma; multilocular cyst)
- Primary intra-alveolar Epidermoid carcinoma (primary intraosseous carcinoma)
- Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (Pindborg tumor)
- Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (adenoameloblastoma)
- Squamous odontogenic tumor
- Mesodermal Tumors
- Peripheral odontogenic fibroma (peripheral ossifying fibroma)
- Central odontogenic fibroma
- Odontogenic fibrosarcoma
- Odontogenic myxoma (odontogenic fibromyxoma)
- Periapical cemental dysplasia (periapical fibrous dysplasia; cementoma; periapical osteofibroma; cementifying fibroma; cementoblastoma)
- Central cementifying fibroma
- Benign cementoblastoma (true cementoma)
- Gigantiform cementoma (familial multiple cementoma)
- Dentinoma
- Mixed Tumors
- Ameloblastic fibroma
- Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma (ameloblastic sarcoma)
- Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma
- Odontoma
- Ameloblastic odontoma (odontoameloblastoma; adamanto-odontoma)
- Teratoma (teratoblastoma; teratoid tumor)
- Odontogenic cysts
- Regressive Alterations of the Teeth
- Attrition
- Abrasion
- Erosion
- Abfraction
- Dentinal sclerosis (transparent dentin)
- Secondary dentin (irregular dentin)
- Reticular pulpal atrophy
- Pulp calcification
- External resorption
- Internal resorption
- Hypercementosis
- Cementices
- Infections
- Bacterial
- Scarlet fever
- Diphtheria
- Tuberculosis
- Sarcoidosis
- Uveoparotid fever
- Leprosy (Hansen’s disease)
- Actinomycosis
- Botryomycosis
- Tularemia
- Meliodosis
- Tetanus
- Syphilis
- Gonorrhea
- Granuloma inguinale (granuloma venereum; donovanosis)
- Rhinoscleroma
- Midline lethal granuloma (malignant granuloma)
- Wegener’s granulomatosis
- Chronic granulomatous disease
- Noma (cancrum oris; gangrenous stomatitis)
- Pyogenic granuloma
- Pyostomatitis vegetans
- Viral
- Herpes simplex (acute herpetic gingivostomatitis; herpes labialis; fever blisters; cold sores)
- Primary herpetic stomatitis
- Recurrent/secondary herpetic labialis and stomatitis
- Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (canker sores)
- Behçet’s syndrome
- Reiter’s syndrome
- Herpangina (aphthous pharyngitis; vesicular pharyngitis)
- Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
- Hand, foot, and mouth disease
- Foot and mouth disease (aphthous fever; epizootic stomatitis)
- Measles (rubeola; morbilli)
- Rubella (German measles)
- Smallpox (variola)
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Condyloma acuminatum (venereal wart; verruca acuminate)
- Chickenpox (vericella)
- Herpes zoster (shingles; zona)
- Cat-scratch disease (lymphoreticulosis)
- Mumps (epidemic parotitis)
- Cytomegalic inclusion disease (salivary gland virus disease)
- Poliomyelitis (infant paralysis)
- Fungal
- North American blastomycosis (Gilchrist’s disease)
- South American blastomycosis
- Histoplasmosis (Darling’s disease)
- Coccidioidomycosis (valley fever)
- Cryptococcosis (torulois; European blastomycosis)
- Candidiasis (candidosis; moniliasis; thrush
- Geotrichosis
- Phycomycosis (mucormycosis)
- Sporotrichosis
- Rhinosporidiosis
- Parasitic infections
- Bacterial
- Pulp and Periapical Tissue
- Pulp
- Focal reversible pulpitis
- Acute pulpitis
- Chronic pulpitis
- Chronic hyperplastic pulpitis (pulp polyp)
- Gangrenous pulpal necrosis
- Periapical
- Periapical granuloma (apical periodontitis)
- Apical periodontal cyst (radicular cyst; periapical cyst; root end cyst)
- Periapical abscess (dentoalveolar abscess; alveolar abscess
- Acute suppurative osteomyelitis
- Chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis (condensing osteitis)
- Chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis
- Sclerotic cemental masses
- Florid osseous dysplasia
- Chronic osteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis (periostitis ossificans)
- Pulp
- Physical Injuries
- Traumatic ulcer
- Factitial injury
- Traumatic ulcer
- Denture stomatitis
- Inflammatory (fibrous) hyperplasia (epulis fissuratum; redundant tissue)
- Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia (palatal papillomatosis)
- Denture base intolerance/allergy
- Angular cheilitis (angular cheilosis; perleche)
- Mucocele (mucous retention cyst)
- Ranula
- Mucocele of maxillary sinus
- Sialolithiasis (salivary duct stone; salivary duct calculus)
- Maxillary antrolithiasis (antral rhinolith)
- Rhinolithiasis
- Osteoradionecrosis
- Electrical burn
- Cervicofacial emphysema
- Human bite (morsus humanus)
- Chemical Injuries
- Aspirin burn
- Bismuth pigmentation
- Dilantin fibrous gingival hyperplasia
- Acrodynia (pink disease)
- Amalgam tattoo
- Tetracycline stain
- Angioedema (angioneurotic edema; giant urticaria)
- Contact stomatitis (stomatitis venenata)
- Contact dermatitis (dermatitis venenata)
- Healing Complications
- Dry socket (alveolar osteitis; localized acute alveolar asteomyelitis; alveolalgia)
- Fibrous healing of extraction wound
- Metabolic Diseases
- Amyloidosis
- Porphyria
- Mucopolysaccharidoses
- Hereditary fructose intolerance
- Histiocytosis X (nonlipid reticuloendothelioses
- Eosinophilic granuloma
- Letterer-Siwe disease
- Gaucher’s disease
- Niemann-Pick disease
- Osteomalacia (adult rickets)
- Vitamin D-resistant rickets (familial hypophosphatemia; refractory rickets)
- Renal rickets (renal osteodystrophy)
- Hypophosphatasia (hypophosphatasemia)
- Pseudohypophosphatasia
- Scurvy
- Pellagra
- Hypopituitarism
- Hyperpituitarism
- Hypothyroidism
- Hyperthyroidism
- Primary hyperparathyroidism
- Secondary hyperparathyroidism
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Addison’s disease (chronic adrenal cortex insufficiency)
- Cushing’s syndrome
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Progeria
- Diseases of Bone and Joints
- Bone
- Osteogenesis imperfecta (brittle bones; osteopsathyrosis)
- Infantile cortical hyperostosis
- Cleidocranial dysplasia
- Craniofacial dysostosis
- Mandibulofacial dysostosis (Treacher Collins syndrome)
- Pierre Robin syndrome
- Marfan’s syndrome (arachnodactyly)
- Down syndrome (trisomy 21; mongolism)
- Osteopetrosis
- Achondroplasia (chondrodystrophia fetalis)
- Osteitis deformans (Paget’s disease of bone)
- Generalized cortical hyperostosis (endosteal hyperostosis)
- Massive osteolysis (vanishing, disappearing, phantom bone; progressive osteolysis)
- Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
- Monostotic fibrous dysplasia
- Cherubism
- Temporomandibular Joint
- Condylar aplasia
- Condylar hypoplasia
- Condylar hyperplasia
- Luxation (complete dislocation)
- Subluxation (incomplete dislocation)
- Ankylosis (hypomobility)
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease; Hypertrophic arthritis)
- Traumatic arthritis
- Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome
- Bone
- Diseases of Blood and Blood-forming Organs
- Red Blood Cells
- Pernicious anemia
- Sprue
- Aplastic anemia
- Thalassemia
- Sickle cell anemia
- Erythroblastosis fetalis
- Polysythemia
- Polycythemia vera
- White Blood Cells
- Agranulocytosis
- Cyclic neutropenia
- Chediak-Higashi syndrome
- Leukocytosis
- Infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever)
- Leukemia
- Lymphoma
- Platelets
- Purpura
- Nonthrombocytopenic purpura
- Thrombocytopenic purpura
- Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
- Aldrich syndrome
- Familial thrombasthenia
- Thrombocytopathic purpura (thrombocytopathia)
- Thrombocythemia (thrombocytosis)
- Specific Blood Factors
- Hemophilia
- Von Willebrand’s disease
- Parahemophilia
- Afibrinogenemia
- Hypofibrinogenemia
- Dysfibrinogenemia
- Fibrin-stabilizing factor deficiency (factor XIII deficiency)
- Macroglobulinemia
- Cryoglobulinemia
- Red Blood Cells
- Skin Diseases
- Hereditary hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
- Chrondroectodermal dysplasia
- Lichen planus (lichen rubber planus)
- Psoriasis
- Pityriasis rosea
- Erythema multiforme
- Stevens-Johnson’s syndrome
- Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (Kawasaki disease)
- Pachyonychia congenital
- Keratosis follicularis
- Warty dyskeratoma (isolated dyskeratosis follicularis)
- Incontinentia pigmenti
- Porokeratosis of mibelli
- Dyskeratosis congenital
- White sponge nevi (oral epithelial nevus)
- Hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis
- Acanthosis nigricans
- Pemphigus
- Familial benign chronic pemphigus
- Cicatricial pemphigoid (benign mucous membrane pemphigoid; ocular pemphigus)
- Bullous pemphigoid (parapemphigus)
- Epidermolysis bullosa simplex
- Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophic
- Junctional epidermolysis bullosa
- Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
- Dermatitis herpetiformis
- Acrodermatisis enteropathica
- Lupus erythematosus
- Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma; dermatosclerosis)
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (cutis hyperelastica)
- Focal dermal hypoplasia syndrome
- Solar elastosis (senile elastosis ; actinic elastosis)
- Diseases of Nerves
- Trigeminal nerve
- Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)
- Paratrigeminal syndrome
- Sphenopalatine neuralgia
- Orolingual paresthesia (glossodynia ; glossopyrosis)
- Auriculotemporal syndrome
- Facial nerve
- Bell’s palsy (Seventh nerve paralysis ; facial paralysis)
- Miscellaneous
- Multiple sclerosis
- Orofacial dyskinesia
- Meniere’s dissease
- Migraine
- Temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritis)
- Causalgia
- Atypical facial pain (atypical facial neuralgia)
- Horner’s syndrome
- Trigeminal nerve
- Diseases of Muscle
- Dystrophies
- Myotonias
- Hypotonias
- Myasthenias
- Myositis
*from Shafer WG, Hine MA, Levy BM. A Textbook of Oral Pathology, 4th edition. Philadelphia; WB Saunders, 1983.
